Amaryllidaceae alkaloids in skin cancer management: Photoprotective effect on human keratinocytes and anti-proliferative activity in melanoma cells (2024)

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Amaryllidaceae alkaloids in skin cancer management: Photoprotective effect on human keratinocytes and anti-proliferative activity in melanoma cells Attachments References FAQs

J Appl Biomed 21:36-47, 2023|DOI:10.32725/jab.2023.004

Amaryllidaceae alkaloids in skin cancer management: Photoprotective effect on human keratinocytes and anti-proliferative activity in melanoma cells

Carol Castañeda1, Karent Bravo1, Natalie Cortés1, 2, Janeth Bedoya3, Warley de S. Borges4, Jaume Bastida5, Edison Osorio1, *
1Universidad de Antioquía, Facultad de Ciencias Farmacéuticas y Alimentarias, Grupo de Investigación en Sustancias Bioactivas, Medellín, Colombia
2Universidad de Ibagué, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Matemáticas, Ibagué, Colombia
3Universidad de Antioquia, Facultad de Medicina, Grupo Medicina Molecular y de Translación, Medellín, Colombia
4Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Departamento de Química, Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brazil
5Universitat de Barcelona, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l'Alimentació, Departament de Biologia, Sanitat i Medi Ambient, Barcelona, Spain

Skin cancer has high rates of mortality and therapeutic failure. In this study, to develop a multi-agent strategy for skin cancer management, the selective cytotoxicity of several alkaloid fractions and pure alkaloids isolated from Amaryllidaceae species was evaluated in melanoma cells. In addition, UVB-stimulated keratinocytes (HaCaT) were exposed to seven alkaloid fractions characterized by GC-MS, and the production of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and IL-6, were measured to evaluate their photoprotection effects. The Eucharis caucana (bulb) alkaloid fraction (20 μg/ml) had a clear effect on the viability of melanoma cells, reducing it by 45.7% without affecting healthy keratinocytes. This alkaloid fraction and tazettine (both at 2.5 μg/ml) suppressed UVB-induced ROS production by 31.6% and 29.4%, respectively. The highest anti-inflammatory potential was shown by the Zephyranthes carinata (bulb) alkaloid fraction (10 μg/ml), which reduced IL-6 production by 90.8%. According to the chemometric analysis, lycoramine and tazettine had a photoprotective effect on the UVB-exposed HaCaT cells, attenuating the production of ROS and IL-6. These results suggest that Amaryllidaceae alkaloids have photoprotective and therapeutic potential in skin cancer management, especially at low concentrations.

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Keywords: Amaryllidaceae alkaloids; Eucharis caucana; Photoprotection; Skin cancer; Zephyranthes carinata
Grants and funding:

This investigation received financial support from MINCIENCIAS (agreement # 614-2018). The authors would like to expresstheir gratitude to the Iberian-American Programme for Cooperation and Development (CYTED) (Ref. 416RT0511) –BIFRENES Thematic Network and Foundation of Support to Research and Innovation of Espírito Santo (FAPES UniversalNo. 80708382/18). We would also like to acknowledge INCTBioNat (CNPq 465637/2014-0 and FAPESP 2014/50926-0)for the additional support. The authors are especially grateful to the University of Antioquia (UdeA) for its important contributionin the development of this work. None of these institutions had anything to do with the preparation of the article, the study design, collection, analysis, and interpretation of data, or with the writing of the report and the decision to submit the article for publication.

Conflicts of interest:

The authors have no conflict of interests to declare.

Received: December 22, 2021; Revised: January 18, 2023; Accepted: March 17, 2023; Prepublished online: March 31, 2023; Published: April 1, 2023 Show citation

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Castañeda C, Bravo K, Cortés N, Bedoya J, de Borges WS, Bastida J, Osorio E. Amaryllidaceae alkaloids in skin cancer management: Photoprotective effect on human keratinocytes and anti-proliferative activity in melanoma cells. J Appl Biomed. 2023;21(1):36-47. doi:10.32725/jab.2023.004. PubMed PMID:37016777.

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    51. Ying X, Huang A, Xing Y, Lan L, Yi Z, He P (2017). Lycorine inhibits breast cancer growth and metastasis via inducing apoptosis and blocking Src/FAK-involved pathway. Sci China Life Sci 60(4): 417-428. DOI: 10.1007/s11427-016-0368-y. Amaryllidaceae alkaloids in skin cancer management: Photoprotective effect on human keratinocytes and anti-proliferative activity in melanoma cells (82)Go to original source... Amaryllidaceae alkaloids in skin cancer management: Photoprotective effect on human keratinocytes and anti-proliferative activity in melanoma cells (83)Go to PubMed...

    This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0), which permits non-comercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original publication is properly cited. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.


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    Amaryllidaceae alkaloids in skin cancer management: Photoprotective effect on human keratinocytes and anti-proliferative activity in melanoma cells (2024)

    FAQs

    What are the biological and pharmacological activities of Amaryllidaceae alkaloids? ›

    Recently, more extensive studies have revealed that amaryllidaceae alkaloids exhibit a wide range of bioactivities, such as antitumor, antiviral, antibacterial, antifungal, antimalarial and analgesic. Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitory and cytotoxic activities have also been reported.

    Know More ›
    What do cancerous sun spots look like? ›

    The edges are irregular, ragged, notched, or blurred. The color is not the same all over and may include shades of brown or black, sometimes with patches of pink, red, white, or blue. The spot is larger than ¼ inch across – about the size of a pencil eraser – although melanomas can sometimes be smaller than this.

    Discover More Details ›
    Where is the most common place for skin cancer? ›

    Skin cancer develops primarily on areas of sun-exposed skin, including the scalp, face, lips, ears, neck, chest, arms and hands, and on the legs in women. But it can also form on areas that rarely see the light of day — your palms, beneath your fingernails or toenails, and your genital area.

    Continue Reading ›
    What type of cancer affects the melanocytes? ›

    Melanoma is a type of skin cancer that develops when melanocytes (the cells that give the skin its tan or brown color) start to grow out of control. Melanoma is much less common than some other types of skin cancers.

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    What is the toxin in Amaryllidaceae? ›

    Lycorine is a toxic crystalline alkaloid found in various Amaryllidaceae species, such as the cultivated bush lily (Clivia miniata), surprise lilies (Lycoris), and daffodils (Narcissus). It may be highly poisonous, or even lethal, when ingested in certain quantities.

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    What is the biosynthesis of Amaryllidaceae alkaloids? ›

    The core biosynthetic pathway of the Amaryllidaceae alkaloids consists of the reactions required to produce 3,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde and tyramine, the condensation and reduction of these precursors to norbelladine, and the subsequent methylation of norbelladine to 4′-O-methylnorbelladine (Figure 4).

    Keep Reading ›
    What does a cancerous keratosis look like? ›

    Flat to slightly raised patch or bump on the top layer of skin. In some cases, a hard, wartlike surface. Color variations, including pink, red or brown. Itching, burning, bleeding or crusting.

    Get More Info Here ›
    What happens if basal cell carcinoma is left untreated? ›

    But if it's not treated, basal cell carcinoma can continue to grow deeper under the skin and cause significant destruction to surrounding tissues. It can even become fatal. For example, an untreated basal cell carcinoma on the face can grow into the bones and, over time, directly into the brain, Dr. Christensen says.

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    What does a cancerous rash look like? ›

    Squamous cell carcinomas may appear as flat reddish or brownish patches in the skin, often with a rough, scaly, or crusted surface. They tend to grow slowly and usually occur on sun-exposed areas of the body, such as the face, ears, neck, lips, and backs of the hands.

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    Which US state has the most skin cancer? ›

    In fact, Vermont residents are most at risk for melanoma, followed by those living in Utah, Iowa, and Washington state. These states all have high populations of fair-skinned people, and their most popular outdoor recreation activity is walking/hiking- a dangerous combination for melanoma.

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    Where does skin cancer travel to first? ›

    Normally, the first place a melanoma tumor metastasizes to is the lymph nodes, by literally draining melanoma cells into the lymphatic fluid, which carries the melanoma cells through the lymphatic channels to the nearest lymph node basin.

    Get More Info ›
    What are the seven signs of skin cancer? ›

    7 Warning Signs of Skin Cancer
    • Changes in the appearance of a mole.
    • New moles.
    • Itchiness or oozing.
    • The surface of a mole becomes scaly, rough or ulcerated.
    • A sore or spot that won't heal or go away.
    • Suspicious spots or lumps.
    • Any quickly growing or developing mass, mole or lump.

    Keep Reading ›
    What cell type gives rise to cutaneous melanomas? ›

    Melanoma is a kind of skin cancer that starts in the melanocytes. Melanocytes are cells that make the pigment that gives skin its color.

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    What disorder can melanocytes cause? ›

    Vitiligo is an autoimmune depigment disease results from extensive melanocytes destruction. The destruction of melanocyte is thought to be of multifactorial causation.

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    What is the malignancy of the lowest epidermal layer of the skin? ›

    Basal cell carcinoma

    They develop from basal cells and these are found in the deepest part of the outer layer of the skin (the epidermis). They develop mostly in areas of skin exposed to the sun, including parts of the face such as the nose, forehead and cheeks. Also, on your back or lower legs.

    Get More Info Here ›
    What are the biological and pharmacological activities of alkaloids? ›

    Alkaloids show several pharmacological activities on human healthsuch as anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, Anti-malarial, Anti-microbial, Anti-hypertensive, Anti-diabetic, Anti-oxidant.

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    What are the pharmaceutical and medicinal uses of alkaloids? ›

    Alkaloids have a wide range of pharmacological activities including antimalarial (e.g. quinine), antiasthma (e.g. ephedrine), anticancer (e.g. hom*oharringtonine), cholinomimetic (e.g. galantamine), vasodilatory (e.g. vincamine), antiarrhythmic (e.g. quinidine), analgesic (e.g. morphine), antibacterial (e.g. ...

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    What are the biological activities of indole alkaloids? ›

    ... It is important to note that indole alkaloids have long been suggested to possess a signifcant number of potent pharmacological properties, such as antiinfammatory, cytotoxic, antiparasitic, antiviral, antagonistic, and serotonin-related activities [52].

    Continue Reading ›
    What are the physiological activities of alkaloids? ›

    Alkaloids have diverse physiological effects: antibacterial, antimitotic, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, local anesthetic, hypnotic, psychotropic, and antitumor activity and many others.

    Read More ›
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