How to Cook Turkey Stuffing Safely (2024)

Posted by Jesus Garcia, USDA Food Safety and Inspection Service in Health and Safety

Nov 15, 2023

How to Cook Turkey Stuffing Safely (1)

Here’s an important Thanksgiving food safety tip that will surprise many: USDA doesn’t recommend stuffing a whole turkey. The practice increases the risk of cross-contamination and takes the turkey longer to cook. Cook stuffing separately instead.

But if you decide to stuff your turkey, we recommend the following:

  • Don’t stuff a turkey the night before cooking it. Bacteria can multiply in the stuffing and cause foodborne illness when a stuffed bird is refrigerated.
    • The wet and dry ingredients for the stuffing should be prepared separately and refrigerated until ready to use. Mixing dry and wet ingredients produces an environment that bacteria may thrive in hours before cooking.
    • Fully cook raw meat, poultry, or seafood ingredients before adding to stuffing.
    • Combine the ingredients and place them in your bird immediately before cooking. Don’t stuff whole poultry with cooked stuffing.
    • In addition to the turkey, the stuffing’s center needs to reach 165 F.

Here are timetables for turkey roasting based on a 325 F oven temperature:

Unstuffed

8 to 12 pounds — 2¾ to 3 hours

12 to 14 pounds — 3 to 3¾ hours

14 to 18 pounds — 3¾ to 4¼ hours

18 to 20 pounds — 4¼ to 4½ hours

20 to 24 pounds — 4½ to 5 hours

Stuffed

8 to 12 pounds — 3 to 3½ hours

12 to 14 pounds — 3½ to 4 hours

14 to 18 pounds — 4 to 4¼ hours

18 to 20 pounds — 4¼ to 4¾ hours

20 to 24 pounds — 4¾ to 5¼ hours

For more Thanksgiving tips, check out our fact sheet. Read our latest USDA study on safe food handling.

For more information, contact the USDA Meat and Poultry Hotline at 1-888-MPHotline (1-888-674-6854) to talk to a food safety specialist or chat live at ask.usda.gov from 10 a.m. to 6 p.m. Eastern Time, Monday through Friday. On Thanksgiving Day, the Hotline will be open from 8 a.m. to 2 p.m. Eastern Time.

Category/Topic: Health and Safety

How to Cook Turkey Stuffing Safely (2024)

FAQs

How to Cook Turkey Stuffing Safely? ›

Fully cook raw meat, poultry, or seafood ingredients before adding to stuffing. Combine the ingredients and place them in your bird immediately before cooking. Don't stuff whole poultry with cooked stuffing. In addition to the turkey, the stuffing's center needs to reach 165 F.

What temperature is stuffing in turkey safe? ›

However, if stuffing a turkey, it's essential to use a food thermometer to make sure the center of the stuffing reaches a safe minimum internal temperature of 165 °F. Cooking a home-stuffed turkey is riskier than cooking one not stuffed.

How do you keep stuffing moist when cooking? ›

Typically, baking the stuffing inside the bird helps keep the mixture moist. “I prefer stuffing (in the bird) to dressing (outside of the bird) because all those delicious drippings that come off the turkey gets absorbed right into the stuffing,” Bamford says.

What temperature should stuffing be cooked at? ›

How do you safely cook stuffing? The stuffed meat, poultry, or stuffing in a casserole should be placed immediately after preparation in an oven set no lower than 325 °F. A food thermometer should be used to ensure that the stuffing reaches the safe minimum internal temperature of 165 °F.

Can you leave stuffing in uncooked turkey? ›

Check the internal temperature of the whole chicken or turkey in the innermost part of the thigh and wing and the thickest part of the breast. Harmful bacteria can survive in stuffing that has not reached the safe minimum internal temperature of 165 °F possibly resulting in foodborne illness.

Does stuffing in turkey have to be 165? ›

Stuffing must reach 165 °F (73.9° C) as measured with a food thermometer. Continue to cook the stuffed turkey until the center of the stuffing has reached 165 °F (73.9° C) before removing it from the oven. Visit Stuffing and Food Safety for more information.

Can you leave stuffing in a cooked turkey overnight? ›

There are also issues with the stuffing being underdone when the bird is fully cooked, meaning there is a higher risk of food poisoning. Cook the stuffing in a separate casserole dish. It's easier to serve, safer for your guests, and you won't worry about an overcooked turkey. Respectfully, my answer is NO!

How wet should stuffing be before baking in the oven? ›

We recommend adding stock a little at a time--1/2 cup to 1 cup, depending on how much stuffing you're making--and waiting for the bread to absorb the liquid before adding more. Once the bread is moist but not sitting in a pool of stock, it's ready.

Why can't you refrigerate uncooked stuffing? ›

USDA recommends that you never refrigerate uncooked stuffing. Why? Remember, stuffing can harbor bacteria, and though bacteria grow slower in the refrigerator they can cause problems because stuffing is a good medium for bacteria growth, therefore a higher risk food in terms of cooking safely.

Can you prepare uncooked stuffing ahead of time and refrigerate? ›

Do not refrigerate uncooked stuffing. If stuffing is prepared ahead of time, it must be either frozen or cooked immediately. To use cooked stuffing later, cool in shallow containers and refrigerate it within 2 hours. Use it within 3 to 4 days.

How long should you heat stuffing in the oven? ›

Preheat the oven to 350 F and warm the dish covered for 30 to 40 minutes, until it is heated through. To recreate the crispy top found in freshly-baked stuffing, remove the foil for the last 10 minutes of the baking time. If the stuffing feels dry, add a splash of stock or some turkey drippings before rewarming.

Should stuffing be cooked before stuffing turkey? ›

Prepare your stuffing using only cooked ingredients. Use sautéed vegetables, cooked meats or seafood, etc. Use pasteurized egg products, instead of raw eggs. Place the prepared stuffing in the whole turkey just before roasting.

When to put potatoes in with turkey? ›

Potatoes only take 4-6 minutes so I usually do them after the turkey is finished. But you CAN cook them right in with the turkey. Like this: put the potatoes in a steamer basket if it will fit in on top or beside the turkey. If not, make a tin foil boat to hold the potatoes and fit them in wherever you can.

How long can stuffing sit before cooking? ›

This is a delicious make-ahead stuffing recipe that can be made up to 3 days before you need it. Just mix the stuffing ingredients together and store in the fridge, freeing up time and reducing stress on Thanksgiving Day, when you're dealing with all the other prep!

Can you cook turkey and stuffing at the same time? ›

You can cook the bird and the bread in the same pan with delicious results. Published Nov. 14, 2022. Cooking the Thanksgiving meal doesn't have to be complicated or stressful.

Why is it important to cook turkey and stuffing to 165? ›

With either cooking method, use a food thermometer to make sure the stuffing's center reaches 165°F. Germs can survive in stuffing that has not reached 165°F. If you cooked the stuffing in your turkey, wait 20 minutes after taking the bird out of the oven before removing the stuffing.

Where do you put the thermometer in a turkey with stuffing? ›

The tip of the thermometer should be placed into the thick part of thigh without touching the bone. Remove the turkey when it reaches 180°F. The breast must reach 170°F and if the turkey is stuffed, check the temperature of the center of the stuffing to make sure it's cooked to 165°F.

What temperature should stuffing be on Butterball turkey? ›

Roast uncovered according to Cooking Schedule or until meat thermometer in thickest part of breast reaches 170° F. If breast is stuffed, center of stuffing should be 165° F.

When should I put the stuffing in my turkey? ›

Place the prepared stuffing in the whole turkey just before roasting. Stuffing the night before could cause food-borne illness. Stuff both the neck and body cavities of a completely thawed turkey, allowing ½ to ¾ cup of stuffing per pound. Don't pack stuffing too tightly, as it may cause uneven cooking.

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