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- How to Escape Ampersands in XML to Rendered as Entities ?
- How to Escape Characters in XML ?
- How to Read and Write XML Files in Java?
- How to use Escape Characters in PHP ?
- How to Render a variable as HTML in EJS ?
- How To Escape The Special Character In YAML With Examples ?
- How to convert XML file into array in PHP?
- How to add CSS in XML File ?
- How to Parse and Modify XML in Python?
- How to Escape HTML in NodeJS EJS View ?
- Adding Data into Existing XML File in Python
- How to render as emphasized text using HTML ?
- How to Insert a Value that Contains an Apostrophe in PostgreSQL?
- How to Encode and Decode URLs in PHP ?
- How to Convert Special HTML Entities Back to Characters in PHP?
- How to escape & unescape HTML characters in string in JavaScript?
- How to Pretty Print XML from the Command Line?
- How to retain special characters in ExpressJS router URL request ?
- How to convert lists to XML in Python?
- How to use the HTML reserved character ?
Last Updated : 06 Jun, 2023
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Extensible Markup Language(XML) is widely used for storing and exchanging structured data. It requires proper character escaping to ensure special characters like ampersands (&) are correctly interpreted by XML parsers.
The ampersand (&) is a special character in XML used to begin entity references. To treat it as data, it must be escaped as “&”. This preserves its intended meaning while maintaining XML structure. Correctly escaping ampersands is vital when working with XML documents containing URLs or text with ampersands. Failure to do so can lead to parsing errors or invalid XML. XML parsers interpret entity references to restore the original characters. Using the “&” entity reference ensures that the ampersand is rendered correctly and not mistakenly interpreted as an entity or tag.
Syntax:
See AlsoXSLTI wants to show my html code in my web page as normal text. how to do it?> CSS Code ErrorsWhy don't we just put > instead of writing > ? (Example)&
Approach 1: Using XML Entity Reference involves representing special characters or reserved symbols in XML using predefined entities like & for the ampersand, < for less-than, > for greater-than, etc.
Example: The XML code represents a document with a root element called “root” that has three child elements: “title,” “text,” and “styledText.” The title element contains the text “Geeksforgeeks!!,” while the text and styledText elements display the phrase “Escape ampersands: A &amp; B” using XML escaping for the ampersand character.
XML
<?xmlversion="1.0"encoding="UTF-8"?><!DOCTYPE xml><root><title>Geeksforgeeks!!</title><text>Escape ampersands: A & B</text><styledText>Escape ampersands: A & B</styledText></root>Output:
Approach 2: CDATA (Character Data) sections are used to escape blocks of text that may contain special characters or reserved characters in XML.
Example: The XML code shows a titled “Geeksforgeeks!!” with a description containing computer science and programming articles, including the use of “&”.
XML
<?xmlversion="1.0"encoding="UTF-8"?><book><title>Geeksforgeeks!!</title><description><![CDATA[It contains well written,well thought and well explained computer science& programming articles.]]></description></book>Output:
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${comment_text}
`; } $('.improvement-reasons_wrapper').html(improvement_reason_html); $('.improvement-bottom-btn').html("Create Improvement"); $('.improve-modal--improvement').hide(); $('.improvement-reason-modal').show(); }, error: function(e){ $('.spinner-loading-overlay:eq(0)').remove(); // stop loader when ajax failed; }, }); }, error:function(e) { $('.spinner-loading-overlay:eq(0)').remove(); var result = e.responseJSON; if(result.detail.non_field_errors.length){ $('.improve-modal--improve-content .improve-modal--improve-content-modified').text(`${result.detail.non_field_errors}.`); jQuery('.improve-modal--overlay').show(); jQuery('.improve-modal--improvement').show(); $('.locked-status--impove-modal').css("display","block"); $('.unlocked-status--improve-modal-content').css("display","none"); $('.improve-modal--improvement').attr("status","locked"); $('.improvement-reason-modal').hide(); } }, }); }); $('.left-arrow-icon_wrapper').on('click',function(){ if($('.improve-modal--suggestion').is(":visible")) $('.improve-modal--suggestion').hide(); else{ $('.improvement-reason-modal').hide(); } $('.improve-modal--improvement').show(); }); jQuery('.suggest-bottom-btn').on('click', function(){ var suggest_val = $.trim($("#suggestion-section-textarea").val()); var error_msg = false; if(suggest_val != ""){ if(suggest_val.length <= 2000){ jQuery('body').append('
'); jQuery('.spinner-loading-overlay').show(); jQuery.ajax({ type:'post', url: "https://apiwrite.geeksforgeeks.org/suggestions/auth/create/", xhrFields: { withCredentials: true }, crossDomain: true, contentType:'application/json', data: JSON.stringify({ "gfg_post_id" : `${post_id}`, "suggestion" : `
${suggest_val}
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'); $('.spinner-loading-overlay').show(); // send this option via create-improvement-post api jQuery.ajax({ url: writeApiUrl + 'create-improvement-post/?v=1', type: "POST", contentType: 'application/json; charset=utf-8', dataType: 'json', xhrFields: { withCredentials: true }, data: JSON.stringify({ gfg_id: post_id }), success:function(result) { $('.spinner-loading-overlay:eq(0)').remove(); $('.improve-modal--overlay').hide(); $('.improvement-reason-modal').hide(); $('.create-improvement-redirection-to-write').attr('href',writeUrl + 'improve-post/' + `${result.id}` + '/', '_blank'); $('.create-improvement-redirection-to-write')[0].click(); }, error:function(e) { $('.spinner-loading-overlay:eq(0)').remove(); var result = e.responseJSON; if(result.detail.non_field_errors.length){ $('.improve-modal--improve-content .improve-modal--improve-content-modified').text(`${result.detail.non_field_errors}.`); jQuery('.improve-modal--overlay').show(); jQuery('.improve-modal--improvement').show(); $('.locked-status--impove-modal').css("display","block"); $('.unlocked-status--improve-modal-content').css("display","none"); $('.improve-modal--improvement').attr("status","locked"); $('.improvement-reason-modal').hide(); } }, }); });
