Polo Ba Tahdig (Persian Rice With Bread Crust) Recipe (2024)

By Samin Nosrat

Polo Ba Tahdig (Persian Rice With Bread Crust) Recipe (1)

Total Time
1½ hours, plus 30 minutes’ soaking
Rating
4(566)
Notes
Read community notes

No dinner in an Iranian household is complete without polo, or rice. And no pot of polo is complete without tahdig, the crisp crust whose name means “bottom of the pot.” Tahdig is a highlight of Persian cuisine, and it can be made of rice, potatoes, lettuce or bread, as it is here. If you can’t get your hands on lavash bread, use a thin flour tortilla to line the bottom of the pot. Tahdig is easiest to prepare in a nonstick pot, but you could also prepare it in a cast-iron Dutch oven by reducing the heat to low and extending the cooking time to 50 minutes.

Featured in: Samin Nosrat’s Essential Persian Recipes

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Ingredients

Yield:6 to 8 servings

  • 3cups basmati rice
  • Fine sea salt
  • ½teaspoon crumbled saffron threads
  • 1large piece lavash bread or 8-inch flour tortilla
  • 3tablespoons neutral oil, such as canola or grapeseed
  • 2tablespoons unsalted butter

Ingredient Substitution Guide

Nutritional analysis per serving (8 servings)

348 calories; 9 grams fat; 2 grams saturated fat; 0 grams trans fat; 5 grams monounsaturated fat; 2 grams polyunsaturated fat; 59 grams carbohydrates; 1 gram dietary fiber; 0 grams sugars; 6 grams protein; 200 milligrams sodium

Note: The information shown is Edamam’s estimate based on available ingredients and preparation. It should not be considered a substitute for a professional nutritionist’s advice.

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Polo Ba Tahdig (Persian Rice With Bread Crust) Recipe (2)

Preparation

  1. Step

    1

    Place the rice in a large bowl and cover with water. Swirl the rice around to release some starch, then drain the bowl and fill again. Repeat several times, until water runs clear, then cover with ample water again and add 1 tablespoon salt. Let soak for 30 minutes.

  2. Step

    2

    In the meantime, fill a large soup or stockpot with 6 quarts water. Cover and bring to a boil. Add 7 tablespoons salt (the water should be very salty) and stir to dissolve.

  3. Step

    3

    Use a small mortar and pestle to grind the saffron into a fine powder with a pinch of salt. Set aside.

  4. Use a large fine-mesh sieve or colander to drain the rice well. Add rice to the pot and stir gently, then return sieve to the sink. Cook rice, checking the grains frequently for doneness. When the rice breaks easily between your fingers when pressed but is not so soft that it falls apart, it’s done. Most Persian or Indian basmati rice will take about 7 to 8 minutes to reach this point, but different brands will cook differently, so keep a closer eye on the rice than on the clock.

  5. Step

    5

    Working quickly, drain rice into the sieve and rinse with cold water until cool to remove excess starch and keep rice from overcooking. Taste the rice and adjust seasoning with salt as needed. Let the rice continue to drain.

  6. Step

    6

    Use the lid of an 8-inch or 9-inch nonstick pot or cast-iron Dutch oven as a guide to trim the lavash bread into a slightly larger circle. It’s fine to use more than one piece of bread and patch things as needed. Alternatively, use a tortilla, which needs no trimming.

  7. Step

    7

    Place the pot over medium heat and add the oil. Carefully lay bread atop the oil and cook until it starts sizzling and turns a light golden color, about 30 seconds. Use tongs to flip bread and let it sizzle for another 30 seconds before adding the rice. Use a spatula to gently spread the rice evenly across the pot. Use the handle of the spatula to poke 6 to 8 holes in the rice down to the bread — this will encourage steam to escape from the bottom of the pot and yield a crisp crust.

  8. Step

    8

    In a small saucepan set over low, heat the butter and the prepared saffron until butter melts. Drizzle over the rice. Wrap the lid of the rice pot with a clean dish towel, using the corners of the towel to tie a knot atop the handle. Cover the pot with the lid — the cloth should not touch the rice, but rather absorb steam as the rice cooks to keep it from getting soggy.

  9. Step

    9

    Reduce the flame to medium-low (or low, if using cast-iron) and cook for about 48 minutes, rotating the pot a quarter turn every 12 minutes or so to ensure an evenly golden tahdig (add 12 more minutes for cast-iron). The rice will be done when the grains are elongated and dry and the edges of the crust turn a light golden brown.

  10. Step

    10

    To serve, place a large platter or plate over the pot, gather your courage, praise your ancestors and flip the rice. It should drop onto the plate in one piece. Serve immediately. If not serving immediately, remove the tahdig to a separate platter to keep it from getting soggy as the rice continues to release steam.

Ratings

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566

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Private Notes

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Cooking Notes

Tim Huddleston

If you haven't watched Ms Nosrat's EXCELLENT series, "Salt, Fat, Acid, Heat," I highly recommend it! She prepares this recipe with her mother and explains why so much salt is needed. You'll see why the towel is needed and pick up other pointers. The entire series if fascinating, and has only four episodes. Last time I checked it was still on Netflix. Enjoy!

Mihaela

Thank you for this recipe - I hope to make it this week. Could you please clarify the time difference between using a nonstick pot and using a cast-iron? The Notes have it at 50 minutes for cast-iron, but the recipe says 48 minutes for non-stick, plus 12 more minutes for cast-iron.

Hector Lahera

Dear Mihaela, This is cooking, Art, not science. Time, if you think about it, is not the only variable. The size and shape of your pot are unknown. So too, its thickness. And also the amount of heat delivered by your stove at any of its settings, as is the absorbency of your towel. Don't worry. The operative instructions are: "The rice will be done when the grains are elongated and dry and the edges of the crust turn a light golden brown." Trust yourself. Go for it. Enjoy! Best wishes

Kelly Fox

I’ve made Persian rice with a crisp tahdig many times, and have wondered how to make it with bread on the bottom and look forward to trying this recipe. I have lots of le Creuset cast iron pots, but prefer to use my much lighter-weight non-stick stockpot for making Persian rice. It’s much easier to invert at the end and nothing sticks.

Jesse

Strange recipe. Significantly more (unnecessary) steps than regular, non-bread crust tahdeg, and not nearly as good. 1. The rice could use a binding agent, like yogurt or sour cream. Without it, it doesn't stay together well. 2. Why bother with the bread? The whole point is to have crunchy rice-not crunchy bread on top of rice. 3. Drizzling the butter and saffron over the rice doesn't distribute it well. 4. The rice is underseasoned.I suggest looking for another recipe w/out bread.

Hossein

Alternative Tahdig: 1. After boiling and rinsing the rice, mix 2-3 skimmerfuls of it with some of the brewed saffron and a tablespoon of cooking oil, lay it on the bottom of the pot. Press down with the skimmer to make it more compact. 2. Cook on medium-high heat for 2-3 minutes. 3. Reduce heat to medium, add the rest of the rice and follow the recipe. 4. When the cooking is done, hold the pot tilted under cold tap water (make sure water doesn't enter the pot). Helps release the Tahdig.

Truly Sirius

Ow wow! Was this ever so good! I cooked the rice as one might cook pasta - al dente - and then into the pot to make that tahdig.I made mine from potatoes. My goodness, so scrumptious. Like Lays chips with saffron rice. Ok, the wierdest fusion ever, but we are rocking out with it! Well done! I can't wait to try the other recipes.'

DKM

It is critical since you are not hoping for the rice to absorb all the water per usual rice-cooking means, but rather, the rice needs enough water to move about, like cooking pasta.

Blake C

Lawrence, the salt seasons the rice as it cooks in the water. nearly all goes down the drain. relax! don’t be so salty :)

Hossein

It will rinse out. Boiling the rice in salty water prevents it from becoming soft and mushy. Salt also makes water boil at a higher temperature which accelerates the cooking. Side note: boiling vegetables like broccoli in salt water preserves their nice green color.

Marina

I used a 12 inch non-stick heavy pan to make large and shallow tadhig pie. It was gorgeous and more crust for everyone! Big hit.

Susanne

I don't do the dishtowel thing -I put paper towels over the top under the lid. My ex is Persian and I learned from his family.

Peggy

Question: why so much salt? Does the excess rinse out?

Raime

If you check out her Instagram stories, there are a few photos showing it. She also makes this recipe on her Netflix special, so you can get a good visual there!

Ekamhi

I've been making "bottom of the pot rice" for years thanks to my niece who learned the recipe from her Persian mother in law and shared it with me. It's the best. The only problem is if you have a lot of people there can be some real disputes over who gets the most tahdig!

Georgia

My Persian neighbor would make this and always bring me a little plate and also taught me how to make it. Sometimes she would just let the rice itself form a toasted crust or use thin sliced potatoes places like a rosette in the bottom of the pot. And also as prepared here. This is my favorite way to prepare rice no matter which one you choose.

smallu

Mine came out perfectly. Still bland, even with all the cooking water salt. I think I would use broth next time instead of water.

AliBeee

In case anyone is wondering if this works with brown rice, let my failed experiment save you some time - it doesn’t! I followed the instructions to the letter just with brown basmati rice, and it was dry and hard as a rock. More crunchy than crisp. (Yikes, sorry molars). There is a time and place for brown rice replacements but this recipe isn’t one of them. Technique-wise, though, it was a fun thing to make and I can’t wait to try it with fluffy white rice!

Erik Anderson

I made this last night with along with Khoresh-e Ghormeh Sabzi. I am a novice cook so it was a challenge. But my pod and I loved step 10 where you "gather your courage, praise your ancestors and flip the rice." It was a dramatic moment -- and it worked! I used a tortilla because I couldn't get good lavash bread. The rice was fantastic! My only alteration was that I added an extra tablespoon of butter along with the saffron.

Julia

Lots of steps. Is it ok to cook rice in less than 6 quarts of water? I had to bring out an oversized stock pot to hold that much water. I was using my one and only Dutch oven to make the Chicken Stew with Pomegranate and Walnuts. Rice came out incredibly tender and flavorful.

SAKat

I know that no person should ever admit to this, but at the age of 53 I had never cooked rice before. It was just never in my repertoire. I have a daughter who loves Persian food, so looking at my estate sale Le Creuset, I thought, "How hard could it be?" Lucky enough, even though it wasn't easy, I did it! It had me nervous a few times, but out it came: crispy, and tender and perfect! It was wonderful. I'm a convert! Thank you, Samin!

jond

Subbed in thinly sliced potatoes for the bread and turned out delicious!

Diana

I find that I am cooking dishes from all over world, which I love! but sometimes I do not know what other dishes to prepare when I cook an unfamiliar dish - I made this recipe and I really liked it - I am Cuban and we love our raspita (browned rice at the bottom of the pot). It would be great if we also had a couple of other suggestions as to what pairs well with this dish, other than a simple salad.

Tipitina

Burned it. Rice underneath was delicious but bummed that the tahdig was ruined. Should have put on back burner much lower. Used "Persian mom "TJ Maxx pot" like on her show which really helped -- it did not stick, just burned the flatbread.

Shannon Phillips

So fabulous. And mine got a pattern that seemed almost like a painting.

Rowan Royce

I tried this the other day and it was wonderful- thank you! The saffron made the whole dish feel quite luxurious, perfect for a dinner party!

nan

Very tasty. Makes a huge amount of rice...but yummy. I would like to try making this dish w/o the tortilla on the bottom. Mine burned (48 minutes turning every 12...). I think I’d prefer the crispy rice rather than the bread.

PennB

A minor disaster. The rice was ok but the “bread” burned and stuck to the pan. Apparently I did not heap enough praise upon my ancestors before I flipped the pot.

Trey P.

Gotta say that out of all the tahdig recipes I've tried, this one was the most (seemingly, ha) effortless and fun to make...and I've burned my share of tahdig attempts so I maybe I have some experience...? As for the dish itself, it was fantastic -- will definitely make again.

tara

Awesome recipe. Delicious, authentic Iranian tahdig.

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Polo Ba Tahdig (Persian Rice With Bread Crust) Recipe (2024)

FAQs

What is the best pan for tahdig? ›

You have to use a non-stick pot or a deep non-stick pan. A well-seasoned cast iron works too. DO NOT USE A STAINLESS STEEL POT. To get the most tahdig, try to use a pot or pan with a flat bottom and one large enough that will give the rice plenty of room to expand.

How to know when tahdig is done? ›

The edges of the crust should be golden, and the rice should be cooked completely through. There isn't a way to tell what tahdig will look like until you flip it, so I prefer to err on the side of overbrowning, but if that makes you uncomfortable, pull the rice after about 35 total minutes in the pan.

What are the different types of tahdig? ›

Variations of tahdig include yogurt mixed with saffron, thin bread, toast, potato, pumpkin, tomato, carrots, spinach, lettuce, beetroot, eggplant, and fruits such as sour cherry. Iranians almost always apply this cooking method to spaghetti as well, providing a hardened base.

What are the three main Persian rice dishes describe one? ›

Chelow is the name given to the white fluffy grains of rice either served with our kebabs or khoresh (stews) in Iranian cuisine. We also have Kateh, which refers to our version of easy-cook sticky rice, and polo, which refers to our rice cooked with vegetables, herbs and/or meat (similar to the Asian biryani).

What is the best pan for Persian rice? ›

Alikhani recommended any wide, nonstick pot for making tahdig, preferably with a tight-fitting lid for easier flipping. We think this Misen nonstick pot is an excellent option. Its wide diameter will help your rice get adequately crispy at the bottom, and its two handles will help give you leverage to flip your dish.

How do you get crispy rice on the bottom of the pan? ›

Add butter:

Add butter cubes around edges of rice and in steam holes after 15 minutes of cooking. Continue to cook over medium-low and turn skillet a quarter turn every 3 to 4 minutes until bottom and sides of rice are golden and crisp, another 15 to 18 minutes.

Why is my tahdig not crispy? ›

Fine-tune your tahdig.

If your tahdig was darker than you expected, turn the temperature down a bit next time. Turn the temperature up if the tahdig was not crispy or sufficiently golden.

Why is my Persian rice sticky? ›

Wash the rice and soak it.

This helps get rid of starch so the rice doesn't get sticky while shortening the cook time. Parboil the rice in salted water (as you would prepare pasta) until it is al dente—firm in the middle and soft on the outside.

What is tahdig in English? ›

Literally translated, the Persian word tahdig (ته دیگ) means “bottom of the pot.” The classic process of making tahdig is part of traditional Persian fluffy steamed rice dishes such as chelow.

What kind of rice do Persians use? ›

The kind of rice used is important. My Iranian friends only use Basmati rice (affiliate) for all their Persian rice dishes, and it's what is used in this recipe. Two steps to prepare the rice for this tahdig recipe: Wash the basmati rice very well under cold running water until the water runs clear.

What is rice called in Farsi? ›

Rice—called polo in Farsi—is a staple side dish in Persian cuisine. It's often prepared by steaming with oil or butter to create a crispy layer of rice on the bottom of the pot called tahdig (pronounced tah-deeg). Tah beans bottom and dig means pot in Farsi—it's literally what happens at the bottom of the pot.

What is tahdig in arabic? ›

Tahdig means “bottom of the pot” in Farsi. It is a staple rice dish in Persian cuisine that has a crispy outer crust, and I've been told that family members often fight over these parts at the dinner table! It is prepared by steaming the rice with oil or butter (or both) to create a crispy bottom.

What is the red powder on Persian rice? ›

If you've ever eaten at an Iranian or other Middle Eastern restaurant, you're likely to have come across the crimson-colored spice that is sumac. The deep red specks can be found sprinkled on salads, hummus, meat dishes, rice and more.

Why do Persians soak rice? ›

This is a crucial Persian technique; washing the rice removes the starch. Add two or three pinches of salt and let the rice soak for a few hours; this allows the rice to soften as it absorbs water.

Why is Persian rice so good? ›

Basmati is non-glutinous, which is a fancy way of saying that it doesn't get sticky after you cook it. It maintains a delicate, fluffy texture that makes it the perfect accompaniment to our tasty kabobs. And of course, there's the flavor. At first sniff, there is a slight similarity to jasmine rice.

What kind of pan do you use for stir fry? ›

The number one thing that will enhance your stir fry experience is a wok pan; and the perfect wok pan for the job is this 12" Oberon Series pan with premium nonstick coating, a large cooking area and excellent heat distribution.

What is the best pan for searing food? ›

Heat Retention and Conductivity: An ideal searing pan needs to have excellent heat retention. Carbon steel pans and cast iron pans are well-known for their capability of sustaining extreme temperatures, thus making them perfect for searing. Stainless steel is a good choice as well.

What is the best saucepan to cook rice in? ›

All-Clad Stainless Steel Tri-Ply 3-Quart Sauce Pan with Lid

We at Serious Eats are longtime fans of All-Clad's stainless steel cookware, and the D3 saucepan is no exception: it was heat-responsive and easy to clean. Plus, it comes with All-Clad's lifetime warranty.

What pan to deep fry in? ›

Forget the skillet, and don't even think about using any other shallow cooking pan. Our Test Kitchen recommends grabbing a pot instead. The key to fright-free deep-frying is using a pot with high sides. A cast-iron Dutch oven is the perfect vessel.

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