Unripe Jackfruit: Culinary Potential & Health Benefits (2024)

Author - Sonia Velarsan, RD

When most people think of jackfruit, they think of the sweet, ripe fruit that is commonly used in desserts and smoothies. However, unripe jackfruit is also edible and has numerous health benefits. Unripe jackfruit is a popular ingredient in many Southeast Asian cuisines and is becoming increasingly popular in the Western world as a meat substitute.

Unripe Jackfruit: A Taste Adventure: The thick, creamy flesh surrounding the seed of jackfruit is consumed when the fruit is two to four days away from ripening. At this stage, it has a pale white color, a mild flavor, and lacks the intense aroma of a ripe mango. Unripe jackfruit's subtle taste makes it an ideal complement to savory dishes. In fact, it can even be used as a substitute for tofu or chickpeas in vegetarian curries. However, the uncanny resemblance to barbecued meat has gained unripe jackfruit popularity among vegetarians and vegans.

According to Bhojanakutuhalam, the unripe jackfruit has a combination of astringent and sweet flavors, and it can be difficult to digest due to its heaviness. Consuming it can lead to an increase in medhas (body fat) and sleshma (mucus), as well as being strengthened. It increases thirst, burning sensation, and aggravation of the vata and pitta doshas. (1) However, with the addition of spices and cooking methods (karana) these properties can be tempered. For example, using coconut in the dish can help balance vata and pitta.

Unripe jackfruit offers a nutritional profile that sets it apart from other popular fruits. It is known to have a higher nutrient density than apples and avocados. Rich in vitamin C, it also stands out as one of the few fruits that boast high levels of B vitamins. Additionally, unripe jackfruit contains potassium, magnesium, niacin, riboflavin, and folate. (2)

Powerful Antioxidants: Unripe jackfruit's yellow pigments, known as carotenoids, hold a significant amount of vitamin A. These antioxidants play a crucial role in preventing cellular damage and promoting overall physiological well-being. The presence of carotenoids in jackfruit offers potential protection against cancer, cardiovascular disease, and age-related eye conditions such as macular degeneration and cataracts. (3). Aiding Weight Management: With its high fiber and water content, unripe jackfruit provides a greater sense of satiety (4) compared to the same volume of rice or rotis. Unripe jackfruit can be an ally in weight management journeys by consuming less but feeling fuller for longer.

Unripe Jackfruit: Culinary Potential & Health Benefits (2)

A Low Glycemic Option: Clinical trials conducted at Sydney University's Glycemic Index Research Service (SUGiRS) (5) have shown that unripe jackfruit has a significantly lower glycemic load compared to grains like rice and wheat. This means that incorporating raw jackfruit into meals can help regulate blood sugar levels. It can be a suitable alternative for those looking to minimize the impact on blood sugar levels (6). Unripe Jackfruit: A Protein Source: Unlike most vegetables, raw jackfruit contains a notable amount of protein, with approximately 3 grams per cup. While it may not rival eggs or lean meat in terms of protein content, it still offers a valuable protein source for those following a plant-based diet. (7)

Bringing Unripe Jackfruit to Your Plate: Now that we've explored the benefits and unique qualities of unripe jackfruit, let's discuss how to incorporate it into your meals:

  • Simple Thoran / Palya: This traditional South Indian dish is a delightful way to enjoy the natural flavors of jackfruit.

  • Kathal Ki Sabzi: This North Indian recipe involves cooking raw jackfruit in an onion, tomato, ginger, and garlic gravy.

  • Coconut Milk Gravy: The creamy coconut milk enhances the flavors of the jackfruit and creates a delightful dish that can be served with steamed rice or bread.

  • Chakka Vevichathu: Another Kerala specialty, chakka vevichathu is made by mashing cooked jackfruit with coconut. It is often enjoyed with steamed rice or puttu, a traditional South Indian breakfast item.

  • Vegan Alternative for Chicken: If you're looking for a vegan alternative to chicken, try replacing it with raw jackfruit in your favorite chicken curry or roast recipe. The fibrous texture of jackfruit closely resembles shredded chicken, making it a popular choice for vegan and vegetarian dishes.

  • Pithau Bhaja: This is an Odia delicacy where jackfruit steaks are boiled in turmeric and salt water.

  • Edichaka: Steam the jackfruit, remove the edible part, and smash it using a traditional arakallu (a stone grinder).

  • Echor Dalna: This is a Bengal delicacy, which is prepared richly with all Indian spices, ghee and so it is just like a mutton curry.

These are just a few examples of how you can cook with raw jackfruit, but the possibilities are endless.

So, why not embark on an exciting culinary adventure and discover the wonders of unripe jackfruit? Unleash your creativity in the kitchen and savor the delights this tropical gem has to offer!Discover the synergy of Ancient Wisdom and Contemporary Nutrition: Enroll in our 15-hour online course on Ayurveda Dietetics! Join now for a personalized dietary journey today! Register here. Visit our website for detailed information.

References:

  1. Bhojanakutuhalam, Page no. 132

  2. Ranasinghe RASN, Maduwanthi SDT, Marapana RAUJ. Nutritional and Health Benefits of Jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam.): A Review. Int J Food Sci. 2019 Jan 6;2019:4327183. doi 10.1155/2019/4327183. PMID: 30723733; PMCID: PMC6339770.

  3. Goswami C, Chacrabati R. Jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllous). InNutritional composition of fruit cultivars 2016 Jan 1 (pp. 317-335). Academic Press.

  4. Parihar PS, Brahma S, Shirole A. Benefits of Jackfruit and its Natural Properties to Treat Diabetes or Colon Cancer and Weight Loss Related Issues. Benefits. 2021 Mar;8(03).

  5. https://glycemicindex.com/gi-search/

  6. Rao AG, Naik KS, Unnikrishnan AG, Joseph J. Efficacy of green jackfruit flour as a medical nutrition therapy replacing rice or wheat in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Nutrition & Diabetes. 2021 Jun 14;11(1):18.

  7. Anila HL, Suma D. Development of textured vegetable protein (TVP) based on raw jackfruit. Food Science Research Journal. 2018;9(2):289-93.

Unripe Jackfruit: Culinary Potential & Health Benefits (2024)

FAQs

What happens if you eat an unripe jackfruit? ›

Unripe jackfruit has a mild flavor. You can use it as a meat substitute, such as tofu or tempeh. Its stringy texture means that it's great for vegetarian barbecue. Meanwhile, ripe jackfruit is sweet and tropical.

What are the benefits of unripe jackfruit? ›

Aiding Weight Management: With its high fiber and water content, unripe jackfruit provides a greater sense of satiety (4) compared to the same volume of rice or rotis. Unripe jackfruit can be an ally in weight management journeys by consuming less but feeling fuller for longer.

What are the disadvantages of eating jackfruit daily? ›

Jackfruit seeds might cause sleepiness and slowed breathing. Some medications, called sedatives, can also cause sleepiness and slowed breathing. Taking jackfruit with sedative medications might cause breathing problems and/or too much sleepiness.

Is raw jackfruit good for kidney patients? ›

The high potassium content of Jackfruit can be harmful to people suffering from chronic kidney diseases or acute kidney failure. An excessive potassium diet can cause hyperkalaemia in such people. The build-up of potassium in the blood is a condition called hyperkalaemia.

What not to do after eating jackfruit? ›

You should avoid drinking water after the consumption of jackfruit as it can lead to diarrhoea. Jackfruit is a high water content fruit that smoothes out bowel movements. So, if you drink water after eating jackfruit, it can lead to even smoother bowel movements and cause diarrhoea.

How long should I wait to drink water after eating jackfruit? ›

Water should be avoided after eating fruits because this combination can interfere with the absorption and digestion process in the stomach, resulting in acidity. This is why some people feel queasy after eating fruit. It is suggested that you drink water for at least an hour after eating fruits.

Does unripe jackfruit increase blood sugar? ›

It is known that jackfruit is in the food group with a glycemic index (GI) and a moderate glycemic index (GL) (GI of jackfruit is between 50 - 60 and GL is between 13 - 18. ). This means that, compared to foods with a high glycemic index, eating jackfruit will not cause blood sugar to rise rapidly.

Is raw jackfruit good for liver? ›

Need to be careful when eating jackfruit with people with fatty liver, diabetes, chronic kidney failure, debilitated people, weak health. Absolutely abstain from eating jackfruit for people with diabetes and fatty liver.

Is jackfruit good for high blood pressure? ›

Jackfruit contains functional compounds that have capability to reduce various diseases such as high blood pressure, heart diseases, strokes, and bone loss. It is also capable of improving muscle and nerve function, reducing hom*ocysteine levels in the blood [44].

Does jackfruit burn belly fat? ›

Jackfruit contains a negligible amount of fat. The low-fat content in jackfruit is one of the reasons it can aid in weight loss. Fat is a high-calorie macronutrient, meaning every serving offers more calories. Therefore, consuming high amounts of fat can lead to weight gain as the excess calories are stored as fat.

Is jackfruit healthier than meat? ›

Jackfruit is low calorie (about 6 times less than chicken), and has no fat or cholesterol. Where it shines in comparison to a meat-based protein is the fiber content. It is rich in fiber at 7 grams a cup. Meat proteins do not provide any fiber.

Does jackfruit have a laxative effect? ›

According to reviews, the benefits of jackfruit can help reduce the risk of several health problems, including: Constipation. Jackfruit is a good source of fiber, so it can help you feel fuller longer and help with regular bowel movements.

How to eat unripe jackfruit? ›

When consumed ripe it has a wonderful sweet flavour and its seeds may be roasted or boiled (which makes them taste a bit like chestnuts). Unripe jackfruit has a pleasant fibrous texture that lends itself well to vegan dishes such as pulled 'pork' sandwiches and shredded 'meat' tacos.

Is jackfruit a superfood? ›

Jackfruit is as sweet as it is nutritious, and given all of its potential health benefits, it's not surprising that many consider jackfruit a superfood. Jackfruit contains a wide assortment of vitamins, including vitamin C, vitamin A, calcium, potassium, iron, zinc, and folic acid, as well as fiber and protein.

Is jackfruit good for inflammation? ›

Yes! Jackfruit benefits include being heart-healthy, fighting inflammation and promoting wound healing. Registered dietitian Gillian Culbertson, RD, explains the health benefits of jackfruit and how to add it to your diet.

What to do if jackfruit is not ripe? ›

To quickly ripen an unripe jackfruit at home, place it in a paper bag with a ripe banana or apple, then seal the bag tightly. The ethylene gas produced by the banana or apple will help speed up the ripening process of the jackfruit.

How to tell if jackfruit is bad? ›

First, the strong, foul, and unbearable smell usually indicates that your jackfruit has gone bad. The second clue to a bad jackfruit is the texture - if the flesh is very soft or mushy, it could mean it's overripe. Additionally, check for mold or a change in color.

What does unripe jackfruit taste like? ›

Ripe yellow jackfruit has a subtly sweet flavor, often described as a combination of banana, apple, and mango. Young green jackfruit, on the other hand, has a neutral flavor and texture similar to shredded meat, making it a popular meat substitute in savory dishes.

What are the symptoms of fruit rot of jackfruit? ›

Symptoms & Life Cycle

Rhizopus rot is a common disease of jackfruit flowers and young fruit. It causes a soft, watery, brown spot on the fruit (Photo 1) that soon becomes covered in a grey-brown, later black, furry mould (Photos 3&4). Fruit symptoms occur on the tree and in storage.

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