What Exactly Is an Éclair? (2024)

The French Filled and Iced Choux Pastry Dessert

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Danilo Alfaro

What Exactly Is an Éclair? (1)

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What Exactly Is an Éclair? (2)

An éclair is a long French pastry made from choux pastry, filled with pastry cream or custard and dipped in fondant icing.

The most popular éclair is probably the chocolate éclair, which is topped with chocolate fondant and filled with chocolate custard or pastry cream. You can try your hand at making them with achocolate éclair recipe. Another popular variation is thefrozen éclair, which is filled with ice cream and topped with chocolate syrup.

  • Pronunciation: ay-CLAIR
  • Word Meaning:Éclair means lightning in French. Why it has been applied to this pastry is unknown. Some think it's because you often eat them very fast, or a reference to the gleam of light from the shiny fondant icing.

History of the Éclair

The word "éclair" made its appearance in the 1860s, describing the pastry previously called petite duch*essein France. It may have been created by French chef Antonin Carême, who is responsible for other desserts including the Charlotte and Napolean cake. Its first print reference in English was in an article in Vanity Fair in 1861, and then in Boston Cooking School Cook Book in 1884.

The eclair is making a resurgence in popularity and can now be seen filled with trendy fillings such as matcha tea or mocha cream filling. The tops of the pastry may now be decorated with fresh fruit and fanciful fruit glazes. Frozen eclairs are also to be found with ice cream fillings.

What Makes an Éclair an Éclair?

The choux pastry (pâte à choux) is a key component of the éclair.It is also used in making cream puffs, profiteroles, andgougères. This pastry rises only from the action of steam. It doesn't use any yeast, baking soda, or baking powder. This makes the eclair different from long-shaped doughnuts such as the Long John, which are made with doughnut pastry that uses another leavening.

Choux pastry is made by heating milk, water, sugar, salt, and butter to a boil, stirring in bread flour to incorporate it, allowing it to cool a little, then adding eggs. The dough is then placed in a pastry bag and piped onto a baking sheet in the long shape desired for eclairs. If making cream puffs or gougères, spooning could be done instead. The dough is then baked at a high heat to generate the steam and get the dough to rise. Then the oven temperature is lowered to complete baking and brown the pastry.

The result is an airy, almost hollow shell that is crisp enough on top to be iced. After cooling, it is ready to be filled with a variety of fillings as desired. A thicker filling is best to prevent the bottom of the pastry from getting soggy. Pastry cream is often the filling. It is a thick custard made with egg yolks, milk, sugar, cornstarch, and may include butter.

The icing should be one that hardens, such as fondant or ganache. This allows the eclair to be handled easier. A second flavor of icing may be piped on top for decoration and added taste.

What Exactly Is an Éclair? (2024)

FAQs

What does "éclair" mean in English? ›

: an oblong pastry with whipped cream or custard filling. Etymology. French, literally, "lightning" Word Origin. The English word éclair comes directly from a French word whose chief meaning is "lightning" or "flash of lightning." No one is sure why a pastry was named after lightning.

What's the difference between an éclair and a French éclair? ›

An American eclair is made from frozen ingredients such as frozen pre-separated egg whites and yolks and frozen pre-made cream. A French eclair is fresh: freshly separated eggs, freshly stirred creme, freshly picked or ground ingredients.

What is the difference between a donut and an éclair? ›

An éclair is a long and thin individual cake made out of choux pastry. This fabulous dessert is topped with milk chocolate and filled with cream *queue drooling*. A donut is a fried dessert of sweet dough and is traditionally in the shape of a ring or ball. YUM.

What are some fun facts about eclairs? ›

Another fun and interesting fact about chocolate éclairs is that the word éclair is the French term for lightning. Many believe that the pastry goes by this precise name, because it shimmers when it is coated with the classic chocolate glaze!

What constitutes an eclair? ›

An éclair is a long French pastry made from choux pastry, filled with pastry cream or custard and dipped in fondant icing. The most popular éclair is probably the chocolate éclair, which is topped with chocolate fondant and filled with chocolate custard or pastry cream.

Are eclairs and long johns the same? ›

In other parts of the United States and Canada, such as the Mid-Atlantic and Central Canada, Long Johns are sometimes marketed as "éclairs"; the two pastries look similar but are created with different types of dough (steam-puffed vs. yeast-risen) and sometimes different fillings (the éclair may have chiboust cream).

Why are eclairs so expensive? ›

As Serious Eats reported, luxury eclairs are the result of French chefs facing competition, and putting their skills to the test, which explains the high-end fillings and intricate decoration. For now, the Maitre Choux versions are made in the tiny kitchen beneath the shop.

Why is eclair so good? ›

The hollow inside is filled up (injected) with cream, custard, crème Suisse, chocolate cream, etc. The flavored icing on top, like fondant, chocolate, caramel, etc. makes the eclair even more appetizing. In the United States éclairs are sold as Long Johns; they even have their own national day on the 22nd of June.

What is the filling of an eclair called? ›

Once cool, the pastry is filled with custard (crème pâtissière), whipped cream or chiboust cream, then iced with fondant icing. Other fillings include pistachio- and rum-flavoured custard, fruit-flavoured fillings, or chestnut purée.

What are doughnuts without holes called? ›

Jelly Doughnut

These classic doughnuts are typically round without a hole in the middle, and generally leavened with yeast. The center is stuffed with jelly, jam, or preserves (and sometimes chocolate!), giving you a burst of flavor with each bite.

What is the difference between a Bismarck and a Long John? ›

Bismarck: Just another name for a Berliner (see above). Long John: A long, almost rectangular, filled doughnut, often iced. twist: A ring-shape yeast-raised doughnut twisted around itself, resulting in a long cylindrical doughnut.

What are fancy donuts called? ›

Types of Gourmet Donuts

Pate a choux dough puffs when it's fried, yielding pillowy, melt-in-your-mouth donut pockets. Cronut - A cronut is a cross between a croissant and a donut. Cronuts have buttery, laminated dough layers like croissants and are fried like donuts. They can be sugar-tossed, glazed, or filled.

Why are eclairs called lightning? ›

Eclair means “lightning” in French. People often believe that eclairs were named after the glistening sparkles on the frosting that resemble lightning bolts. Its first print reference in English was in an article in Vanity Fair in 1861, and then in Boston Cooking School Cook Book in 1884.

Why are eclairs called nuns? ›

By 1929, Frascati's treat came to be known as a religieuse, the French word for nun because the squat cream puffs resembled a Catholic nun in her black and white habit. And while it might seem like a silly name, if you squint your eyes a little, you can almost see Sister Marie on her way to chapel.

Why do eclairs taste so good? ›

They have an eggy salty flavor of the choux pastry combined with sweet cream and mousse, or sometimes covered up with strong flavors like dark chocolate filling. So, eclairs can easily become everyone's favorite and there are many flavors for you to choose from!

What is the literal translation of éclair? ›

The word comes from the French éclair, meaning 'flash of lightning', so named because it is eaten quickly (in a flash); however some believe that the name is due to the glistening of the frosting resembling lightning.

What is the meaning of éclair in French weather? ›

Il y a des éclairs.

= There is lightning.

Is éclair a French name? ›

Originally known as 'pain a la duch*esse' in it's native land, the word 'eclair' translates from French to 'flash of lighting'.

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